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Edgar Rice Burroughs Biography |
Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 - March 19, 1950) was an American author, best known for his creation of the jungle hero Tarzan, although he produced works in many genres.
Biography
Burroughs was born on September 1, 1875 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of a businessman. He was educated at a number of local schools, and during the Chicago influenza epidemic in 1891 spent a half year on his brothers' ranch on the Raft River in Idaho. He then attended the Phillips Academy in Andover and then the Michigan Military Academy. Graduating in 1895, and failing the entrance exam for West Point, he ended up as an enlisted soldier with the Seventh Cavalry in Arizona. After being diagnosed with a heart problem and thus found ineligible for promotion to officer class, he was discharged in 1897.
What followed was a string of seemingly unrelated and short stint jobs. Following a period of drifting and ranch work in Idaho, Burroughs found work at his father's firm in 1899. He married Emma Centennia Hulbert in 1900. In 1904 he left his job and found less regular work, initially in Idaho but soon back in Chicago.
By 1911, after seven years of low wages, he was working as a pencil sharpener wholesaler and began to write fiction. By this time Burroughs and Emma had two children, Joan and Hulbert. During this period, he had copious spare time and he began reading many pulp fiction magazines and claimed:
"...if people were paid for writing rot such as I read in some of those magazines that I could write stories just as rotten. As a matter of fact, although I had never written a story, I knew absolutely that I could write stories just as entertaining and probably a whole lot more so than any I chanced to read in those magazines."
Aiming his work at the 'pulp' magazines then in circulation, his first story "Under the Moons of Mars" was serialized in All-Story magazine in 1912 and earned Burroughs US$400.
Burroughs soon took up writing full-time and by the time the run of "Under the Moons of Mars" had finished he had completed two novels, including Tarzan of the Apes which was published from October 1912 and went on to become his most successful brand. In 1913, Burroughs and Emma welcomed their third and last child, John Coleman.
Burroughs also wrote popular science fiction/fantasy stories involving Earthly adventurers transported to various planets (notably Barsoom, Burroughs' fictional name for Mars), lost islands, and into the interior of the hollow earth in his Pellucidar stories, as well as westerns and historical romances. Along with All-Story, many of his stories were published in the Argosy Magazine.
Tarzan was a cultural sensation when introduced. Burroughs was determined to capitalize on Tarzan's popularity in every way possible. He planned to exploit Tarzan through several different media including a syndicated Tarzan comic strip, movies and merchandise. Experts in the field advised against this course of action, stating that the different media would just end up competing against each other. Burroughs went ahead, however, and proved the experts wrong—the public wanted Tarzan in whatever fashion he was offered. Tarzan remains one of the most successful fictional characters to this day and is a cultural icon.
In 1923 Burroughs set up his own company, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc., and began printing his own books through the 1930s. He divorced Emma in 1934 and married Florence Dearholt in 1935. They divorced in 1942. At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor he was a resident of Hawaii and, despite being a sexagenarian, he spent the conflict as a war correspondent. He died in Encino, California on March 19, 1950 having written almost seventy novels.
Contrary to popular belief, Tarzana, California was not named after Tarzan, supposedly in honor of Burroughs, an early resident of the town. Burroughs had actually purchased 500 acres in Tarzana years before creating any Tarzan fiction. It is obvious that Burroughs named his creation after the town where he had a ranch.
The Burroughs crater on Mars is named in Burroughs' honor.
Selected Bibliography
John Carter of Mars Series
A Princess of Mars
The Gods of Mars
The Warlord of Mars
Thuvia, Maid of Mars
The Chessmen of Mars
The Master Mind of Mars
A Fighting Man of Mars
Swords of Mars
Synthetic Men of Mars
Llana of Gathol
John Carter of Mars
Tarzan Series
Tarzan Of The Apes (Project Gutenberg Entry:[6]
The Return of Tarzan (Project Gutenberg Entry:[7]
The Beasts Of Tarzan (Project Gutenberg Entry:[8]
The Son of Tarzan (Project Gutenberg Entry:[9]
Tarzan And The Jewels Of Opar (Project Gutenberg Entry:[10]
Jungle Tales Of Tarzan (Project Gutenberg Entry:[11]
Tarzan The Untamed (Project Gutenberg Entry:[12]
Tarzan The Terrible (Project Gutenberg Entry:[13]
Tarzan and the Golden Lion
Tarzan and the Ant Men
The Tarzan Twins (1927)
Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle (1927)
Tarzan and the Lost Empire (1928)
Tarzan at the Earth's Core (1929)
Tarzan the Invincible (1930)
Tarzan Triumphant (1931)
Tarzan and the Leopard Men (1932)
Tarzan and the City of Gold (1932)
Tarzan the Magnificent (1936)
Tarzan and the Forbidden City (1938)
Tarzan and the Jungle Murders (1940)
Tarzan and the Champion (1940)
Tarzan and the Madman (1964)
Tarzan and the Foreign Legion (1947)
Pellucidar
At the Earth's Core (1914)
Pellucidar (1923)
Tanar of Pellucidar (1928)
Tarzan at the Earth's Core (1929)
Back to the Stone Age (1937)
Land of Terror (1944)
Savage Pellucidar (1963)
Venus Series
Pirates of Venus (1934)
Lost on Venus (1935)
Carson of Venus (1939)
Escape on Venus (1946)
The Wizard of Venus (1970)
Other Novels
Out of Time's Abyss Project Gutenberg Entry
The Efficiency Expert Project Gutenberg Entry
The Land That Time Forgot (1918) Project Gutenberg Entry
The Lost Continent Project Gutenberg Entry
The Mad King Project Gutenberg Entry
The Monster Men Project Gutenberg Entry
The Mucker Project Gutenberg Entry
The Oakdale Affair Project Gutenberg Entry
The Outlaw of Torn :Project Gutenberg Entry
The People Out of Time Project Gutenberg Entry |
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